Connector Controller and Cable of Type-C

Thu Oct 27 17:30:20 CST 2022

Connector Controller and Cable of Type-C

Small, reversible Type-C connectors are very popular now that you can see them on devices from laptops and smart phones to flash drives. Because Type-C cables provide both data and power to hosts and devices, as well as a universal power cable solution, their coverage is extremely inclusive and expanding. The ultimate goal: the piles of power adapters and special cable cords that once wrapped around AC outlets will gradually disappear and data transfer will be faster.

Connector-Controller-and-Cable-of-Type-C-HornmicLink

Type-C is also the realization of a vision to bring various parts of the USB specifications together to form a complete system of cabling, power, and signal management for all applications. Type-C interconnects use USB Power Delivery (PD) to enable 100 W power capacity for faster battery charging and to power larger devices such as laptops, monitors and TVs. Type-C full-featured cables are very active and are electronically labeled as combining signal conditioning, power management and configurable connections. The wires within the cable can be reconfigured with PD vendor defined messages (VDMs), configured to use alternate and dependent modes for video and audio signals. Type-C itself is positioned as the USB connector of the future due to its smaller size, power level range and faster data transfer rates, as well as the ability to handle multiple data protocols.

● Connectors

Type-C connectors are easier to use. You don't have to check the right side of the plug or the correct orientation. both ends of the Type-C cable have the same connector and can be plugged into both sides of the socket. Using the interconnect signal, you can electronically identify the host as the downward facing port (DFP) and the device as the upward facing port (UFP).

Type-C connectors are designed to miniaturize the design of devices and are physically smaller than USB connectors. Connector end size is 8.3mm*2.5mm. The physical symmetry allows the connector to be flippable. Type-C receptacles are rated for 5 Amps.

USB-C-Connector-Plug_HornmicLink

USB-C-Receptacle-and-Plug-Pin-Connections

● Controllers

The controllers controls and manages the discovery, configuration and control of the Type-C modes.

USB-C allows for versatility with configurable cables, interfaces and power settings. type-C connectivity allows for additional functionality, but requires more complex management. The port controller, along with the PD controller, handles power requirements and direction. vdm commands allow control over entering and exiting standby and dependent modes.

The FUSB300C programmable USB Type-C controller supports all roles and alternate/accessory modes. Type-C connectors electronically detect and configure connections using the Configuration Channel (CC). The cable is configured for bus routing, power management, alternate and accessory modes. 

FUSB300C-programmable-USB-Type-C-controller

Previous configuration communications were accomplished using binary frequency shift keying (BFSK) directly on the Vbus. For backwards compatibility, Type-C controllers can also use BFSK on the Vbus, but not concurrently with BMC on the CC. Type-C hubs can be used to increase DFP capabilities. They have one UFD port, which must be clearly marked and one or more DFPs. The UFP cannot be a dual-role port and alternate/accessory modes are not handled by hubs.

Functional-Block-Diagram-TUSB320-CC-logic

Alternate and accessory modes enable Type-C cables to handle non-USB data protocols. To support these different protocols, certain wires in the cable are used differently than when handling USB communications. The wires that can be re-purposed are the four SuperSpeed wire pairs (SSTX1, SSTX2, SSRX1 and SSRX2), the two side band wires (SBU1, SBU2), the two 2.0 data lines (DP+, DP-), Vconn, and a CC wire. Depending on the mode, not all of these wires are reconfigured. The alternate and accessory modes are set up using PD VDM commands received via the CC. VDMs will direct the controller to enter a mode and continue to communicate in that mode until a VDM exit command is received.

The audio adapter accessory mode enables Type-C support for analog audio headsets. In this mode, the audio signal is multiplexed the onto the connector pins. Since the audio signals are the same as those used in 3.5mm audio jacks, a 3.5mm to Type-C adapter can be used.

● Cables

Type-C cables are constructed with Type-C connectors on each end. They support USB 2.0 and USB 3.1 features and data speeds; they can implement PD. The practical length for Type-C standard cable assemblies are given in below table, along with requirements for electronically marked cables. Cables implementing PD and full featured Type-C cables must be electronically marked. Up to 1W is drawn from Vconn (or other source) to support electronically marked cables.

Type-C-Cable-Length-Limit-HornmicLink

Summary:

USB Type-C connectors are lighter and more reliable than traditional USB connectors. Type-C cables are supported by controllers that can handle data speeds up to 40Gbps and transmit power up to 240W. Type-C cables can also be configured to carry USB, video and audio signals. Type-C will be the cable design solution of the future.

(Refer to Mouser Electronics.)



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By HornmicLink_Henry @221027 17:48